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ORB Encyclopedia: Online Essays

The Military Orders: Bibliographies

Paul Crawford and Erik Opsahl


It is the intent of the editors to update these bibliographies continually. We invite the submission of new material, particularly works of an obscure nature. Eventually we hope to include virtually all material relating to the military orders.

The bibliographies are in two main parts.

The first part (The Military Orders: Initial Bibliography) contains some of the most up-to-date works of the highest scholarship, as well as the most recent English translations of the orders' rules, and is recommended to those who are beginning an investigation of the Military Orders. Every effort has been made to limit the works in the Initial Bibliography to English, but in some areas the only good secondary sources are in other languages. This is particularly true for materials relating to the Teutonic Knights.

The second part (The Military Orders: Extended Bibliographies) contains works of varying date and of varying reliability; this bibliography is intended for in-depth research use.
The Military Orders: Initial Bibliography

  • Barber, Malcolm, ed. The Military Orders: fighting for the faith, caring for the sick, Aldershot & Brookfield, 1994
  • Barber, Malcolm. The New Knighthood: A history of the Order of the Temple, Cambridge, 1994, repr. paperback 1995.
  • -----. "The Order of St. Lazarus and the Crusades," in Catholic Historical Review, 80:3 (July 1994), pp. 439-456.
  • -----. The Trial of the Templars, Cambridge, 1978.
  • Bennett, Matthew. "La regle du Temple as a Military Manual, or how to deliver a cavalry charge," in Studies in Medieval History Presented to R. Allen Brown, pp. 7-19; also in The Rule of the Templars, Judith Upton-Ward, trans. and ed.,Woodbridge, 1992, pp. 175-188.
  • Benninghoven, Friedrich. Der Orden der Schwertbruder: Fratres milicie Christi de Livonia, Cologne & Graz, 1965.
  • Favreau, Marie-Luise. Studien zur Fruhgeschichte des Deutschen Ordens, Stuttgart, 1975.
  • Forey, Alan J. "The Military Order of St. Thomas of Acre," in English Historical Review, 92:364 (1977), pp.481-503.
  • -----. Military Orders and Crusades, London, 1994.
  • -----. The Military Orders from the Twelfth to the Early Fourteenth Centuries, London, 1992.
  • -----. "The Order of Mountjoy," in Speculum 46 (1971), pp. 250-66.
  • Hamdy, Abdel Hamid. "Phillipe de Mezieres and the New Order of the Passion," in Bulletin of the Faculty of Arts (Alexandria University) 18 (1964), pp. 45-54.
  • Housley, Norman. "Politics and Heresy in Italy: Anti-Heretical Crusades, Orders and Confraternities, 1200-1500," in Journal of Ecclesiastical History 33:2 (1982), pp. 193-208.
  • King, E. J., Col. The Rule, Statutes and Customs of the Hospitallers, 1099-1310, London, 1934.
  • Luttrell, Anthony. The Hospitallers in Cyprus, Rhodes, Greece and the West: 1291-1440, London, 1978.
  • -----. The Hospitallers of Rhodes and Their Mediterranean World, Aldershot and Brookfield, 1992.
  • -----. Latin Greece, the Hospitallers and the Crusades: 1291-1440, London, 1982.
  • Nicholson, Helen. Templars, Hospitallers and Teutonic Knights: images of the military orders, 1128-1291,, Leicester, London & New York, 1993.
  • O'Callaghan, J. F. The Spanish Military Order of Calatrava and its Affiliates, London, 1975.
  • Partner, Peter. The Murdered Magicians: the Templars and their myth, Oxford & New York, 1982.
  • Prawer, Joshua. "Military Orders and Crusader Politics in the Second Half of the XIIIth Century," in Die geistlichen Ritterorden Europas, Sigmaringen, 1980, pp. 217-229.
  • Riley-Smith, Jonathan S. C. The Knights of St. John in Jerusalem and Cyprus, c. 1050-1310, London, 1967.
  • -----. "The Templars and the Teutonic Knights in Cilician Armenia," in The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia, ed. T. S. R. Boase, Edinburgh, 1978.
  • Sire, H. J. A. The Knights of Malta, New Haven and London, 1994.
  • Sterns, Indrikis. "The Teutonic Knights in the Crusader States," in A History of the Crusades, Vol. V: The impact of the Crusades on the Near East, Kenneth M. Setton, gen. ed., Madison, Wisc., 1985, pp. 315-378.
  • Tumler, Marian. Der Deutsche Orden im Werden, Wachsen und Wirken bis 1400 mit einem Abriss der Geschichte des Ordens von 1400 bis zur neuesten Zeit, Vienna, 1954.
  • Upton-Ward, Judith, ed. and trans. The Rule of the Templars, Woodbridge, 1992.
  • Urban, William. The Baltic Crusade, Dekalb, 1975, repr. Chicago, 1994.
  • -----. The Livonian Crusade, Washington, 1981.
  • -----. The Prussian Crusade, Lanham, 1980.
  • -----. The Samogitian Crusade, Chicago, 1989.
  • Ward, Benedicta. "The New Orders," in The Study of Spirituality, Cheslyn Jones et al., eds., New York and Oxford, 1986, pp. 283-91.
  • Wieser, Klemens, ed. Acht Jahrhunderte Deutscher Orden in Einzeldarstellungen, Bad Godesburg, 1967.
See also: Introduction to the Military Orders

Copyright (C) 1996, Paul Crawford and Erik Opsahl. This file may be copied on the condition that the entire contents,including the header and this copyright notice, remain intact.

Comments to: Paul Crawfordcrawford@alma.edu

Updated: 12 April 1999


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