SAXON: VENERABLE BEDE:- ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF BRITAIN C731 ANGLO SAXON CHRONICLE:- WINCHESTER, CANTERBURY, ABINGDON, PETERBOROUGH CONQUEST: ORDERICUS VITALIS (1075-1143): ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND AND NORMANDY. WILLIAM OF POITIERS: DEEDS OF WILLIAM DUKE OF THE NORMANS AND KING OF THE ENGLISH WILLIAM OF JUMIEGES:- DEEDS OF THE DUKES OF NORMANDY C12TH: FLORENCE OF WORCESTER (OB.1118) GESTA STEPHANI WILLIAM OF MALMESBURY (1095-1143):- GESTA REGUM CHRONICLES OF THE KINGS OF ENGLAND CHRONICLE OF THE BISHOPS OF ENGLAND HISTORIA NOVELLA WILLIAM OF NEWBURGH (1135-1198):- HISTORY OF ENGLAND JOHN OF SALISBURY (OB.1180) :- POLICRATICUS HISTORIA PONTIFICALIS WALTER MAP (OB.1200) :- DE NUGIS CURIALUM GIRALDUS CAMBRENSIS :- TOPOGRAPHICA HIBERNICA ITINERARIUM CAMBRIAE DESCRIPTIO CAMBRIAE LIBER DE PRINCIPIS INSTRUCTIONE WALTER DANIEL :- LIFE OF AILRED ABBOT OF RIVEAUX RAPLH DICETO :- IMAGINES HISTORIARUM (1180) GERVASE OF CANTERBURY :- HISTORICAL WORKS (C1163) ROGER OF HOVEDEN :- CHRONICA (1170) ROBERT OF TORIGNY :- CHRONICA (1150:- 1186) GEOFFREY OF MONMOUTH :- HISTORY OF THE KINGS OF BRITAIN (1136) C13 & C14TH: ROGER OF WENDOVER:- ST ALBANS CHRONICLES. MATTHEW PARIS (1235-1256) :- CHRONICA MAJORA FLORES HISTORIARUM HISTORIA ANGLORUM WILLIAM RISHANGER THOMAS WALSINGHAM BURY ST EDMUNDS :- JOCELYN OF BRAKELOND WALTER OF GUISBOROUGH BARTHOLOMEW COTTON C14: GEOFFREY LE BAKER LIFE OF EDWARD EII ROBERT OF AVESBURY JEAN FROISSART ANONIMALLE CHRONICLE THOMAS WALSINGHAM HENRY OF KNIGHTON RANULP HIGDON :- POLYCHRONICON ST WERBURGH'S CHESTER C15: HOLINSHED.
ETHELBERT HLOTHAERE & EADRIC INE WRITS FOLKLAND - BOOKLAND - LAEN (LOAN) LAND EADWIG 956 OSCETEL SCRIPTORIUM ANGEVIN DOMESDAY BOOK H.C. DARBY F.W. MAITLAND NIGEL LE POER BISHOP OF ELY:- CONSTITUTIO DOMUS REGIS 1136 DIALOGUS DE SCACCARIO :- DIALOGUE OF THE EXCHEQUER RICHARD FITZNIGEL:- SOCRATIC DIALOGUE RANULPH GLANVILL :- LAWS & CUSTOMS OF THE KINGDOM OF ENGLAND. ASSIZES: CONSTITUTIONS OF CLARENDON 1164 ASSIZE OF CLARENDON 1164 ASSIZE OF NORTHAMPTON 1176 ASSIZE OF THE FOREST 1184 ASSIZES OF VERT AND VENISON WILLIAM FITZSTEPHEN :- DESCRIPTION OF LONDON CURIA REGIS - SPLITS INTO = I) CHANCERY - GREAT SEAL - PRIVY SEAL - SIGNET SEAL CHARTER ROLLS 1199 -1516 about 200 PATENT ROLLS 1201 -1640 about 2900 CLOSE ROLLS 1201 -1640 about 3300 FINE ROLLS 1199-1648 about 533 LIBERATE ROLLS 1200-1436 SPECIAL ROLLS - GASCON ROLLS 1254-1468 NORMAN ROLLS 1417-1432 CHANCERY WARRANTS 1271-1485 about 1796 CHANCERY INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM- HIII TO 1660 ESCHEATORS - CITRA TRENTAM & CONTRA- TRENTAM CHANCERY INQUISITIONS VARIOUS CHANCERY INQUISITIONS MISCELLANEOUS ENDORSEMENTS see: Clanchy M.T. From Memory to Written Record II) THE EXCHEQUER ACCOUNTS OF REVENUE DOCUMENTS SUBSIDIARY TO ACCOUNT LOWER EXCHEQUER :- COLLECTS, STORES & DISBURSES REVENUE RECORDS ON ROLLS OF RECEIPT AND ISSUE UPPER EXCHEQUER - EXCHEQUER OF ACCOUNT PIPE ROLLS 1129-1130, 1155-1833 ACCOUNTS & AUDITS INCLUDE: CUSTOMS, SUBSIDIES (TAXATION) ROYAL HOUSEHOLD ACCOUNTS ETC. SHERIFF'S ACCOUNT FOREIGN (FORINSECUS) ACCOUNTS LOWER EXCHEQUER - WOODEN TALLIES 1834 IMPRESTS - PRAESTITIA BARONS OF THE EXCHEQUER = KING'S REMBRANCER MEMORANDA ROLLS LORD TREASURER'S REMBRANCER MEMORANDA ROLLS ROYAL HOUSEHOLD - WARDROBE BOOKS EXCHEQUER OF THE JEWS EXCHEQUER OF PLEAS LAW COURTS LEGAL RECORDS CURIA REGIS - COURT OF KINGS BENCH - CORAM REGE - CRIMINAL COURT OF COMMON PLEAS - DE BANCO - CIVIL PLUS EXCHEQUER OF PLEAS PARLIAMENT ROLLS RECORDS ARE: CURIA REGIS ROLLS 1193-1270 226 ROLLS KING'S BENCH ROLLS 1272-1640 1657 ROLLS COMMON PLEAS 1253-1640 2456 EXCHEQUER OF PLEAS 1233-1640 573 ROLLS ROTULI PARLIAMENTORUM (PARLIAMENT ROLLS) FROM ABOUT 1270 EXCHEQUER OF THE JEWS ACTING AS A COURT 1218-1287 48 ROLLS COURT OF THE KING'S HOUSEHOLD 1282-1400 28 ROLLS. LOCAL COURTS: FRANCHISES AND PALATINATES:- DURHAM, LANCASTER, CHESTER & WALES EYRES = JUSTICES ITINERANT 1 1200 ROLLS GAOL DELIVERY MID C13TH 802 ROLLS OYER & TERMINER MANORIAL AND BARONIAL (SEIGNEURIAL COURTS) COUNTY COURT HUNDRED COURT ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS. STATUTES STATUTE ROLLS 1278-1470 PARLIAMENT ROLLS 1483 ONWARDS HENRY BRACTON :- LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF ENGLAND THE MIRROR OF JUSTICE FLETA DUCHY OF LANCASTER MONASTIC CARTULARIES ESTATE REGISTERS MINISTER'S ACCOUNTS
VASSALAGE THEOCRATIC KINGSHIP CANUTE OR CNUT GODWIN HAROLD GODWINSON FEORM TRIMODA NECESSITAS DANEGELD DOOMS WITENAGEMOT OR WITAN CURIA REGIS THEGNS HOUSECARLES EARLDOMS NORTHUMBRIA, MERCIA, WESSEX, ANGLIA SHIRES (COUNTIES) SHIRE REEVE = SHERIFF HUNDREDS = 100 HIDES WAPENTAKES THE VILL SOCIAL STRUCTURE: WERGELD KINSHIP BLOOD FEUD COMPURGATION OR OATH TAKING CEORLS & LAETS CNUT GODWIN THEGNS HERIOT CEORLS & LAETS (SLAVES) RECTITUDINES SINGULARUM PERSONARUM GENEATS KOTSETLA = COTTARS GEBUR = VIRGATORS DANELAW BAYEUX TAPESTRY H.R. LOYN
WHIG HISTORY E.A. FREEMAN THOMAS CARLYLE F.M. STENTON C.H. HASKINS JUSTICIAR PROOF OF ENGLISHRY THE FYRD THE FEUDAL HOST WALTHEOF ODO OF BAYEUX WITENAGEMOT THE OATH OF SALISBURY 1086 DOMESDAY BOOK 1086 TEMPORIS REGI EDWARD = T.R.E. SUSAN REYNOLDS HISTORY 68 (0CT 1983) ON RACIAL ORIGINS OF THE NORMANS.
J.H. ROUND ERIC JOHN MARJORIE HOLLINGS J.O. PRESTWICH MILES CNIHT = KNIGHT 1) COMMENDATION 2) THE FIEF 3) THE KNIGHT 4) THE CASTLE THEORETICAL STRUCTURE:
THE FEUDAL SETTLEMENT
GENEATS
GEBURS
COTSETLARS
FYRD
ASSIZE OF ARMS 1181
THE 5 HIDE UNIT
THE FEE OF MORTAIN
OSWALDSLAW LINCOLN
SERVITIUM DEBITUM 1066-1070
CREATION OF BARONIES 1070-1086
CREATION OF MESNE VASSALS & TENANTS BY KNIGHT
SERVICE 1100
START OF FIRST FEUDAL GENERATION
SCUTAGE = SHIELD MONEY IN LIEU OF SERVICE SERVICES
ARE COMMUTED = START OF FISCAL FEUDALISM
ENFEOF
ENFEOFMENT
JUSTICIAR
ANJOU - ANGEVIN STEPHEN OF BLOIS MATILDA CIVIL WAR 1135-54 J.H. ROUND - GEOFFREY DE MANDEVILLE R.H.C. DAVIES H. CRONNE FRANCHISAL SUBINFEUDATION LIEGE HOMAGE SELF HELP POLLOCK AND MAITLAND HOLDSWORTH T.F.T PLUCKNETT S.E. THORNE:- CAMBRIDGE LAW JOURNAL (1959) MILSOM:- LEGAL HISTORY QUOD PRINCIPES PLACUIT LEGES HABET VIGORUM DECRETALS CANON LAW PETER OF BLOIS ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE NORMANDY ANJOU AND TOURAINE POITOU GUIENNE AND GASCONY THOMAS BECKETT ADULTERINE CASTLES SEISIN AND DISSEISIN SWORN INQUEST OR JURY 1164 ASSIZE OF DARREIN PRESENTMENT 1166 CONSTITUTIONS OF CLARENDON :- ASSIZE OF NOVEL DISSEISIN 1176 ASSIZE OF NORTHAMPTON ASSIZE OF MORT D'ANCESTOR PETTY OR POSSESSORY ASSIZES GRAND ASSIZE 12 KNIGHTS DETERMINES OWNERSHIP THE WRIT PRAECIPE THE TRIPARTITE INDENTURE OR CHIROGRAPH OR FINAL CONCORD OR FEET OF FINES
JURY OF PRESENTMENT TITHING AND FRANKPLEDGE VEREDICTUM = TRUTH TELLING = VERDICT FORMULARY LAWS HENRY REINFORCES HORIZONTAL TIES IN SOCIETY SEE STRAYER SHERIFFS CORONERS ESCHEATORS LOCAL JUSTICES REPLEVIN MESNE ASSIZE UTRUM
GERALD OF WALES BERTRAND DE BORN GERVASE OF CANTERBURY THE WAVERLEY ANNALS JOHN SOFTSWORD ROGER OF WENDOVER THE BARNWELL CHRONICLE GAIUS MARIUS 166-110 BC A.L. POOLE J.C. HOLT PHILIP AUGUSTUS & THE ANGEVIN EMPIRE INCIDENTS OF FEUDALISM WARDSHIPS MARRIAGES RELIEFS SCUTAGES FAULKES DE BREAUTE GERARD D'ATHES
FIXES SOURCES OF REVENUE AID FOR MARRYING THE ELDEST DAUGHTER AID FOR KNIGHTING THE KING'S ELDEST SON AID FOR RANSOMING THE KING'S BODY THE GRACIOUS AID REGALIAN RIGHTS COMMUTATION WASTE D.M. STENTON:- ENGLISH JUSTICE FROM THE CONQUEST TO MAGNA CARTA C.H. HASKINS:- EXECUTIVE JUSTICE SEE SPECULUM (1955) MINISTERIALES POITEVINS & SAVOYARDS PETER DES ROCHES & PETER DES RIVAUX JUSTICIARS WILLIAM LONGCHAMP CHARTERS OF FEALTY THE MARCHER BARONS = "THE NORTHERNERS" THE EARL MARSHALL ARCHBISHOP STEPHEN LANGTON J.E.A. JOLLIFFE:- ANGEVIN KINGSHIP MAGNA CARTA & THE CHARTER OF THE FORESTS LIBERTIES AND IMMUNITIES
ASSARTS AVERAGE LAND REQUIREMENTS FOR AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD OF 4.5 PERSONS = 13.5 ACRES USING TWO FIELD ROTATION AVERAGE LAND REQUIREMENTS FOR AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD OF 4.5 PERSONS = 13 ACRES USING THREE FIELD ROTATION TITOW'S FORMULI FOR DETERMINING MINIMUM SUBSISTENCE REQUIREMENT C S OUTGOINGS + SUBSISTENCE MINIMUM -------------------------------- X F FALLOW = A (MIN ACRES YIELD PER PERSON) Y A H TA ACRES PER PERSON x HOUSEHOLD MULTIPLIER = TOTAL ACRES FOR FAMILY SUBSTITUTION: 2 FIELD SYSTEM: 8 BUSHELS + C4 BUSHELS ---------------------- X 2 = 3 ACRES PER PERSON 8 BUSHELS PER ACRE 3 FIELD SYSTEM 8 BUSHELS + C4 BUSHELS ---------------------- X 1.5 = 2.25 ACRES PER PERSON 8 BUSHELS PER ACRE FAMILY SUBSISTENCE REQUIREMENT: 2 FIELD SYSTEM 3 X 4.5 = 13.5O ACRES PER FAMILY 3 FIELD SYSTEM 2.25 X 4.5 = 11 ACRES PER FAMILY CF TITOW RURAL SOCIETY PP 80-89 "IT OFTEN HAPPENS THAT LANDS AND TENEMENTS WHICH UNDIVIDED WERE ACCUSTOMED DECENTLY TO SUFFICE FOR THE SUBSISTENCE OF MANY MEN AFTERWARDS ARE SEPARATED, AND INTO SO MANY PARCELS AMONG COHEIRS THAT NONE OF THEM DOES HIS PART THAN SUFFICE FOR HIS SUBSISTENCE" KENT CHARTER 1276 BIRTH RATE DEATH RATE SURVIVAL RATES INFANT MORTALITY RATES WORLD FOOD STOCKS 1978 = 54 DAYS POPULATION AND LAND UNDER CULTIVATION 1086 POPULATION C 1.6 MILLION - LAND 7.2 MILLION ACRES 1348 POPULATION C 6 MILLION - LAND 7.2 MILLION ACRES 1914 POPULATION C 40 MILLION - LAND 7.7 MILLION ACRES 1978 POPULATION C 55 MILLION - LAND LESS THAN 7.0 MILLION ACRES LANDLESS WAGE LABOURERS. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COLONISATION FEUDAL LABOUR SERVICES ENFRANCHISEMENT = FREEDOM FROM LABOUR SERVICES (NOT THE VOTE !!!) SIR JOH FASTOLF- CLOTH PRODUCING MANORS G. DUBY :- RURAL ECONOMY AND COUNTRY LIFE IN THE MEDIEVAL WEST M.M. POSTAN :- MEDIEVAL ECONOMY AND SOCIETY ESSAYS IN MEDIEVAL TRADE AND AGRICULTURE J.Z. TITOW:- ENGLISH RURAL SOCIETY G HODGETT:- ECONOMIC & SOCIAL HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL EUROPE. N.J. POUNDS :- ECONOMIC HISTORY OF MEDIEVAL EUROPE E. MILLER & J. HATCHER :- MEDIEVAL ENGLAND RURAL SOCIETY AND ECONOMIC CHANGE. J. HATCHER :- PLAGUE AND POPULATION. W.M. MCNEILL:- PLAGUES AND PEOPLE ZINZER: RATS LICE AND HISTORY THE "CRISE NOBILIARE" OF THE C14TH
TITOW, MILLER & HATCHER, A.L. POOLE:- OBLIGATIONS OF SOCIETY. R.H. HILTON:- THE DECLINE OF SERFDOM F.R.H. DU BOULAY:- THE LORDSHIP OF CANTERBURY E.MILLER:- THE ABBEY AND BISHOPRIC OF ELY. E. KING:- THE ESTATES OF PETERBOROUGH MANORIAL DEMESNE = THE RESERVE + TENANCIES FOR RENT RENTS OF ASSIZE = ASSIZED RENTS FIXED BY ANCIENT CUSTOM VIRGATORS = 30 ACRES OF UNFREE OR VILLEIN LAND COMMUTATION OF LABOUR SERVICES THE FAMULUS ESTATE LABOURER (CF POSTAN) THE MANORIAL REACTION OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY LEASEHOLDS AND COPYHOLDS PEASANTS REVOLT 1381 LEGUMINOUS PLANTS = PEAS BEANS AND VETCHES STOCK REARING = ENCLOSURES
CHEYETTE F.:- LORDSHIP AND COMMUNITY GANSHOF:- FEUDALISM BLOCH:- FEUDAL SOCIETY STENTON F.M.:- THE FIRST CENTURY OF ENGLISH FEUDALISM COSS P: THE KNIGHT IN MEDIEVAL ENGLAND ILLSLEY J.S.: The Medieval Gentry and the English Constitution MEDIEVAL HISTORY 1993. KNIGHT'S FEES MILES AND DOMINUS CHIVALRY FEUDAL AIDS: SCUTAGE MARRIAGE OF ELDEST DAUGHTER KNIGHT OF ELDEST SON RANSOMING OF THE LORD'S BODY GRACIOUS AIDS ASSIZE OF ARMS 1181 FISCAL v FEUDAL DEFINITION OF KNIGHTHOOD BUZONES = BUJO = GREAT OR WORTHY MARCHER LORDS MANORIAL DEMESNE TOLLS AND ASSIZES EG: BREAD AND ALE FRANKPLEDGE GALLOWS AND TUMBRIL MILL INFANGENTHEOF OUTFANGENTHEOF ETC
JUSTINIAN = C6TH BYZANTINE EMPEROR POWICKE F.M.:- THIRTHEENTH CENTURY PP61-66 PETER DES ROCHES PETER DES RIVAUX ROBERT BURNELL
FRANCHISAL RIGHTS BREAD AND ALE FRANKPLEDGE GALLOWS AND TUMBRIL MILLS ETC INFANGENTHEOF OUTFANGENTHEOF RETURN OF WRITS CAM H:- THE HUNDRED AND THE HUNDRED ROLLS. STATUTE OF GLOUCESTER 1278 QUO WARRANTO 1290 LIMIT OF LEGAL MEMORY = ACCESSION OF RICHARD 1 1189 JOHN DE WARENNE EARL OF SURREY PLUCKNETT:- LEGISLATION OF EDWARD IST. D.W. SUTHERLAND:- QUO WARRANTO UNDER EDWARD IST. F.M. POWICKE :- THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. PP 352-380 K.B.MCFARLANE:- "HAD EDWARD A POLICY TOWARDS THE EARLS", HISTORY 1965 F.M. POWICKE:- THIRTEENTH CENTURY PP352-380 PLUCKNETT:- LEGISLATION PP 131-5 STATUTE OF WESTMINSTER II 1285 DE DONIS CONDITIONALIBUS ON CONDITIONAL GIFTS ENTAILED ESTATES FEE SIMPLE FEE TAIL FEE TAIL MAIL STATUTE OF WESTMINSTER III 1290 QUIA EMPTORES TERRARUM WHOEVER BUYS LAND USUFRUCT STATUTE OF USES. CF:- J.M.W. BEAN BASTARD FEUDALISM STATUTE OF MORTMAIN 1279 PLUCKNETT:- PP135-50 POWICKE:- THIRTEENTH CENTURY P.625 STATUTE OF WINCHESTER 1285 STATUTE OF ACTON BURNELL 1283 STATUTE OF MERCHANTS 1285 LEROY v REDMER.
LAY SUBSIDIES = TAX ON MOVABLE GOODS DISTRAINT OF KNIGHTHOOD L20 LANDHOLDERS BONIFACE VIII ELEANOR OF CASTILE PRISAGE AND PURVEYANCE LONDON MUSTER 7 JULY 1297 HUMPHREY DE BOHUN = EARL OF HEREFORD ROGER BIGOD = EARL OF NORFOLK & EARL MARSHALL ROTHWELL H:- "THE CONFIRMATION OF THE CHARTERS 1297" E.H.R 1945 ROTHWELL H:- "EDWARD IST AND THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CHARTERS" IN HUNT R.C. (Ed):- ESSAYS PRESENTED TO F.M. POWICKE. WILLIAM WALLACE BATTLE OF STIRLING BRIDGE CONFIRMATION CARTARUM GHENT NOV 5 1297 THE ROYAL HOUSEHOLD RICCARDI & FRESCOBALDI
PIERS GAVESTON GASCON KNIGHT "TO KEEP THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF THE LAND AS THEY 'SHALL BE CHOSEN' IE., FUTURE PERFECT FRENCH ' AURA ESLEU' LATIN 'ELGERIT'BY THE COMMUNITY OF THE LAND. ORDINANCES OF 1311 LORDS ORDAINERS BANNOCKBURN TREATY OF LEAKE (NOTTS) 1318 EKWALL E:- OXFORD DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH PLACE NAMES. P.H. REANEY :- ENGLISH PLACE NAMES SOCIETY HUGH & HUGH DESPENSER MARCHER BARONS ROGER MORTIMER ISABELLA STATUTE OF YORK 1322 T.F. TOUT:- THE PLACE OF EDWARD II IN ENGLISH HISTORY J. CONWAY DAVIES:- THE BARONIAL OPPOSITION TO EDWARD II N. FRYDE:- THE TYRANNY AND FALL OF EDWARD II DENHOLM YOUNG:- VITA EDWARDI SECUNDI LATERAL VERSUS VERTICAL TIES SEE: J.R. STRAYER:- 'THE LAICIZATION OF FRENCH AND ENGLISH SOCIETY IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY' SPECULUM 25 1940 BARONIAL DECLARATION OF ALLEGIANCE TO THE CROWN 1308 STEEL A.B.:- 'THE PLACE OF THE KING'S HOUSEHOLD IN ENGLISH CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY' HISTORY 1930-31 M.V. CLARKE ED:- MODUS TENENDI PARLIAMENTUM M.C. BUCK:- 'REFORMS OF THE EXCHEQUER' EHR VOL 98 ANDREW HARCLAY MODUS TENDENDI PARLIAMENTUM COWICKE ORDINANCES
AQUITAINE GASCONY GUYENNE CAPETIAN CHARLES IV PHILIP COUNT OF VALOIS PHILIP VI CHEVAUCHER PITCHED BATTLES PHASE 1 GHENT BRITANNY & FLANDERS VAN ARTEVELDE BUIRONFOSSE SLUYS (L'Ecluse) JEAN DE MONTFORT CHARLES DE BLOIS MALESTROIT 1343 AIGUILLON NEVILLES CROSS HENRY EARL OF LANCASTER SLUYS 1340 CRECY 1346 JOHN THE GOOD 1351 POITIERS 1356 ETIENNE MARCEL JACQUERIE 1358 DAUPHIN CHARLES DUKE OF NORMANDY LATER CHARLES VTH DU GUESCLIN - CONSTABLE OF FRANCE BURGUNDY TREATY OF BRETIGNY 1360 PHASE 2 1360 - 1368 ARRIERE BAN ARSENAL JEAN DE VIENNE ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET MONOPOLY OF CANNON SAINTE SAUVEUR 1374 CASTILE - PEDRO THE CRUEL NAVARRE - KING CHARLES THE BAD CASHEREL MAY 1364 AURIAC 1364 GUERANDE 1365 BLANCHE OF BOURBON HENRY OF TRASTAMARA PHASE 3 1368 - 1432 LA ROCHELLE 1372 GABELLE PHASE 4 1415 - 1432 CHARLES VI HENRY V BURGUNDIANS AND ARMAGNACS AGINCOURT 1415 TREATY OF TROYES MAY 1420 DUKE OF BEDFORD CHARLES VII LE ROI DE BOURGES TREATY OF ARRAS 1435
FUNCTIONS SAYLES G.O.:- THE KINGS PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAND RICHARDSON & SAYLES:- THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT IN THE MIDDLE AGES DENTON & DAVIES:- THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT IN THE MIDDLE AGES MILLER E.:- THE ORIGINS OF PARLIAMENT MILLER & FRYDE:- HISTORICAL STUDIES OF THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT SPUFFORD P.:- THE ORIGINS OF PARLIAMENT PASQUET D.:- THE ORIGINS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS TEMPLEMAN G.:- THE HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TO 1400 BHJ I (1948) SIMON DE MONTFORT DAFYDD AP GRUFFYD VIRTUAL REPRESENTATION GRACIOUS AID TAXATION ON MOVEABLE GOODS = LAY SUBSIDIES ASSESSORS AND COLLECTORS PETITIONS RECEIVERS AND TRIERS OF PETITIONS IMPEACHMENT COMMUNAL PETITIONS QUOD OMNES TANGIT AB OMNIBUS DEBET APPROBETUR WHAT TOUCHES ALL SHOULD BE APPROVED BY ALL KNIGHTS AND BURGESSES
II) STRUCTURE LANERCOST 1305 PARLIAMENT MAITLAND MEMORANDA DE PARLIAMENTO 1305 PEERS OF THE REALM = HEREDITARY RIGHT OF SUMMONS TO PARLIAMENT CISTERCIANS LESSER CLERGY = CONVOCATION ROBERT MELTON CLERK OF THE COMMONS FIRST SPEAKER = JOHN DE LA MARE 1376 REPRESENTATION IN PRACTICE COUNTY AND BOROUGH COURTS KNIGHTS OF THE SHIRE CITIZENS AND BURGESSES ESTATES = SOCIAL CLASSES RATHER THAN COMMUNITIES MAINPERNORS SEE ILLSLEY BIHR XLIX May 1976 WRITS DE EXPENSIS PLENA POTESTATS = FULL POWERS
SIR THOMAS MALORY K.B. McFARLANE:- BIHR 1945 N.B. LEWIS:- TRHS 1945 DAVIES R.R:- BARONIAL ACCOUNTS INCOMES AND ARREARS Econ HR 1968 J.R. LANDER A. STEEL:- THE FINANCIAL BACKGROUND TO THE WARS OF THE ROSES HISTORY 1955 QUIA EMPTORES INDENTURED RETINUES CONTRACT ARMIES APPANAGES AFFINITIES GOOD LORDSHIP JOHN OF GAUNT PASTON LETTERS
SONS OF EDWARD III: 1) EDWARD THE BLACK PRINCE OB.1376 HIS SON RICHARD, BECOMES RICHARD II 1377-1399 2) LIONEL DUKE OF CLARENCE 3) JOHN OF GAUNT DUKE OF LANCASTER & EARL OF DERBY OB. 1399 HIS SON HENRY DEPOSES RICHARD & FOUNDS LANCASTRIAN DYNASTY AS HENRY IV 4) EDMUND LANGLEY DUKE OF YORK LANCASTRIANS ARE: ---------------- HENRY IV SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON: HENRY VI AND GRANDSON: HENRY VI HENRY IV'S BROTHERS: JOHN OF BEAUFORT EARL OF SOMERSET HENRY OF BEAUFORT BISHOP OF WINCHESTER HENRY V'S BROTHER: HUMPHREY DUKE OF GLOUCESTER OTHERS: WILLIAM DE LA POLE DUKE OF SUFFOLK OB.1450 YORKISTS ARE: ------------- DESCENDED FROM JOHN OF GAUNT'S BROTHER: EDMUND LANGLEY DUKE OF YORK HIS GRANDSON: RICHARD DUKE OF YORK HIS ELDEST SONS: 1) EDWARD EARL OF MARCH LATER EDWARD IV 2) RICHARD DUKE OF GLOUCESTER LATER RICHARD III 3) GEORGE DUKE OF CLARENCE. OTHER: RICHARD NEVILLE EARL OF WARWICK YORKIST CLAIM COMES THROUGH: PHILIPPA DAUGHTER OF LIONEL DUKE OF CLARENCE MARRIES EDMUND MORTIMER EARL OF MARCH. THEIR SON, ROGER MORTIMER: HAS A DAUGHTER ANNE WHO MARRIED EDMUND LANGLEY'S SON RICHARD EARL OF CAMBRIDGE: HE IS FATHER OF: RICHARD DUKE OF YORK AND GRANDFATHER OF: EDWARD IV AND RICHARD III.