Exeter Book Riddles

Titre:	Aucun titre dans le ms.; Riddles (titre dans l'éd. Thorpe)
Date:	X^e siècle
Langue:	Anglais
Genre:	Devinette
Forme:	Vers
Contenu:	Recueil de 95 devinettes
Incipit:	[Riddle 1] Hwylc is hæleþa þæs horsc ond þæs hygecræftig þæt þæt mæge asecgan, hwa mec on sið wræce, þonne ic astige strong, stundum reþe, þrymful þunie, þragum wræce…
Explicit:	… ænig ofer eorðan. þeah nu ælda bearn londbuendra lastas mine swiþe secað, ic swaþe hwilum mine bemiþe monna gehwylcum.

Manuscrits

Exeter, Cathedral Library, 3501, f. 101r-115r, 122v-123r et 124v-130v [⇛ Description]

Éditions anciennes

Éditions modernes

Codex Exoniensis. A Collection of Anglo-Saxon Poetry, from a Manuscript in the Library of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter, with an English translation, notes and indexes, by Benjamin Thorpe, London, Pickering for The Society of Antiquaries of London, 1842, xvi + 546 p. (ici p. 380-441, 470-473 et 479-500) [GB] [IA]
Die Handschriften von Exeter: Metra des Boetius, Salomo und Saturn, die Psalmen. Herausgegeben von Bruno Assmann nebst einer Lebensskizze Grein's von Richard Paul Wülker und mit Grein's Bildnis, Leipzig, Wigand's Verlag (Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie, 3:1-2), 1897-1898, 2 t. en 1 vol., [vi] + 248, xiii + 247-490 p. (ici t. 1, p. 183-238) [GB] [IA]
The Riddles of the Exeter Book, edited with introduction, notes, and glossary by Frederick Tupper, Jr., Boston, New York, Chicago et London, Ginn (The Albion Series of Anglo-Saxon and Middle English Poetry), 1910, cxi + 292 p. [GB] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
Old English Riddles, edited by A. J. Wyatt, Boston et London, Heath (The Belles-Lettres Series. Section I: English Literature from its Beginning to the Year 1100), 1912, xxxix + 193 p. [HT] [IA]
Die altenglischen Rätsel (die Rätsel des Exeterbuchs), herausgegeben, erläutert und mit Wörterverzeichnis versehen von Moritz Trautmann. Mit 16 Seiten der Handschrift auf Tafeln, Heidelberg, Winter; New York, Stechert (Alt- und mittelenglische Texte, 8), 1915, xx + 203 p. + [16] pl. [GB] [IA]
Compte rendu:
A. J. Barnouw, dans Neophilologus, 3, 1918, p. 77-78. [GB] [HT] [IA]
The Exeter Book I and II, edited by W. S. Mackie, London, Oxford University Press (Early English Text Society. Original Series, 104 et 194), 1895-1934, 2 t. — Réimpr.: Woodbridge et Rochester, Boydell and Brewer, 2000.
Krapp, George Philip, et Elliot Van Kirk Dobbie, The Exeter Book, New York, Columbia University Press (The Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records, 3), 1936.
The Old English Riddles of the Exeter Book, edited by Craig Williamson, Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1979.
Die altenglischen Rätsel des Exeterbuchs: Text mit deutscher Übersetzung und Kommentar von Hans Pinsker und Waltraud Ziegler, Heidelberg, Winter (Anglistische Forschungen, 183), 1985.

Traductions modernes

en allemand:
- Pinsker et Ziegler 1985 (voir sous Éditions modernes)
en anglais:
- Thorpe 1842 (voir sous Éditions modernes)
- Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker. Revised edition, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1935, xi + 195 p. (ici p. 70-75) [HT] [IA]
  Éditions antérieures:
  - Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited with prefatory notes and indexes by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker, Boston, Ginn, 1902, xi + 195 p. [GB] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
  - Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker. Revised edition, Boston, Ginn, 1926, xi + 195 p. [GB] [IA]
  Traduction partielle.
- Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1954, xiv + 334 p. (ici p. 289-308)
  Éditions antérieures:
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1926, xvi + 367 p. [HT] [IA]
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1930, xvi + 367 p. [IA]
  - 1934
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1937, xvi + 367 p. [IA]
  - 1950
  Réimpressions:
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1957, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1962, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - 1964
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1967, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - 1970
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Melbourne et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1977, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
- Anglo-Saxon Riddles of the Exeter Book, translated by Paull F. Baum, Durham, Duke University Press, 1963. [www]
- Anglo-Saxon Poetry, translated and edited by S. A. J. Bradley, Everyman, 1982.
- The Exeter Book Riddles, translated by Kevin Crossley-Holland, Penguin Classics, 1993.
- The New Exeter Book of Riddles, ëd. Kevin Crossley-Holland and Lawrence Sail, London, Enitharmon Press, 1999.
- Beowulf and Other Old English Poems, edited and translated by Craig Williamson; with a foreword by Tom Shippey, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press (The Middle Ages Series), 2011, xxxi + 256 p. (ici p. 161-177)
  Traduction partielle.

Études

Barajas, Courtney Catherine, Old English Ecotheology: The Exeter Book, Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press (Environmental Humanities in Pre-modern Cultures), 2021, 231 p. DOI: 10.5117/9789463723824
Compte rendu:
Michael D. J. Bintley, dans The Medieval Review, 22.03.06, 2022. [www]
Blackburn, F. A., « The Husband's Message and the accompanying riddles of the Exeter Book », The Journal of Germanic Philology, 3:1, 1900-1901, p. 1-13. [jstor.org] [GB] [HT] [IA]
Borysławski, Rafał, The Old English Riddles and the Riddlic Elements in Old English Poetry, Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, 2004.
Dailey, Patricia, « Riddles, wonder, and responsiveness in Anglo-Saxon literature », The Cambridge History of Early Medieval English Literature, éd. Clare A. Lees, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013, p. 451–472.
Dale, Corinne, « "Deope gedolgod": wounding, shaping and the post-lapsarian world in Exeter Book riddles 53 and 73 », Marginalia, 17, 2013, p. 8-17. [www]
Dietrich, Franz, « Die Räthsel des Exeterbuchs: Würdigung, Lösung und Herstellung », Zeitschrift für deutches Altertum, 11, 1859, p. 448–490.
Dietrich, Franz, « Die Räthsel des Exeterbuchs: Verfasser; Weitere Lösungen », Zeitschrift für deutches Altertum, 12, 1865, p. 232-252.
Donoghue, Daniel, How the Anglo-Saxons Read Their Poems, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press (The Middle Ages Series), 2018, [v] + 238 p.
Compte rendu:
Tiffany Beechy, dans The Medieval Review, 19.02.07, 2019. [www]
Frederick, Jill, « Performance and audience in the Exeter Book Riddles », The Wisdom of Exeter: Anglo-Saxon Studies in Honor of Patrick W., éd. Edward J. Christie, Boston, De Gruyter, 2020, p. 227-241.
Gardner, John, The Construction of Christian Poetry in Old English, Carbondale et Edwardsville, Southern Illinois University Press; London et Amsterdam, Feffer and Simons (Literary Structures), 1975, xii + 147 p.
Hayes, Mary, « The talking dead: resounding voices in Old English riddles », Exemplaria, 20, 2008, p. 123–142.
Irving, Edward B., Jr., « Heroic experience in the Old English riddles », Old English Shorter Poems: Basic Readings, éd. Katherine O'Brien O'Keeffe, New York, Garland, 1994, p. 199–212.
Kaske, R. E., « A poem of the Cross in the Exeter Book: Riddle 60 and The Husband's Message », Traditio, 23, 1967, p. 41-71.
Mackie, W. S., « Notes on the text of the Exeter Book », The Modern Language Review, 28:1, 1933, p. 75-78. DOI: 10.2307/3715887
Madert, August, Die Sprache der altenglischen Rätsel des Exeterbuches und die Cynewulffrage, Marburg, Bauer, 1900, 131 p. [GB] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
Murphy, Patrick J., Unriddling the Exeter Book Riddles, University Park, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2011.
Murphy, Patrick Joseph, « Old English enigmatic poems and their reception in early scholarship and supernatural fiction », Humanities, 11:2, 2022, n° 34. DOI: 10.3390/h11020034
Nelson, Marie, « The paradox of silent speech in the Exeter Book Riddles », Neophilologus, 62, 1978, 609–615.
Neville, Jennifer, « Joyous play and bitter tears: the riddles and the elegies », Beowulf and Other Stories: An Introduction to Old English, Old Icelandic and Anglo-Norman Literature, éd. Richard North et Joe Allard, Harlow, Pearson, 2007, p. 130–159.
Neville, Jennifer, « A modest proposal: titles for the Exeter Book Riddles », Medium Ævum, 88, 2019, p. 116–123.
Niles, John D., « Exeter Book Riddle 74 and the play of the text », Anglo-Saxon England, 27, 1998, p. 169–207.
Niles, John D., Old English Enigmatic Poems and the Play of the Texts, Turnhout, Brepols, 2006.
Ooi, S. Beth Newman, « Crossed lines: reading a riddle between Exeter Book Riddle 60 and The Husband's Message », Philological Quarterly, 100, 2021, p. 1-22.
Orchard, Andy, A Commentary on the Old English and Anglo-Latin Riddle Tradition, Washington, Dumbarton Oaks, 2021.
Paz, James, « Mind, mood, and mmeteorology in Þrymful Þeow (R. 1–3) », Riddles at Work in the Early Medieval Tradition: Words, Ideas, Interactions, éd. Cavell Megan et Jennifer Neville, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2020, p. 193–209.
Ramey, Peter, « Writing speaks: oral poetics and writing technology in the Exeter Book Riddles », Philological Quarterly, 92, 2013, p. 335–356.
Salvador-Bello, Mercedes, « Patterns of compilation in the Anglo-Latin Enigmata and the evidence of a source-collection in riddles 1–40 of the Exeter Book », Viator, 43, 2012, p. 339-375.
Salvador-Bello, Mercedes, Isidorean Perceptions of Order: The Exeter Book Riddles and Medieval Latin Enigmata, Morgantown, West Virginia University Press, 2015.
Sayers, William, « Exeter Book Riddle No. 5: Whetstone? », Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 97, 1996, p. 387-392.
Soper, Harriet, « Reading the Exeter Book Riddles as life-writing », Review of English Studies, 68, 2017, p. 841–865.
Stanley, E. G., « Heroic aspects of the Exeter Book Riddles », Prosody and Poetics in the Early Middle Ages: Essays in Honor of C. B. Hieatt, éd. M. J. Toswell, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1995, p. 197-218.
Tigges, Wim, « Snakes and ladders: ambiguity and coherence in the Exeter Book Riddles and Maxims », Companion to Old English Poetry, éd. Henk Aertsen et Rolf H. Bremmer Jr., Amsterdam, VUUP, 1994, p. 95–118.
Warren, Michael J., Birds in Medieval English Poetry: Metaphors, Realities, Transformations, Cambridge, Brewer (Nature and Environment in the Middle Ages), 2018, ix + 259 p.
Compte rendu:
Donna Beth Ellard, dans The Medieval Review, 19.06.12, 2019. [www]
Whitman, F. H., « Riddle 60 and its source », Philological Quarterly, 50, 1971, p. 108-115.
Whitman, F. H., « Significant motifs in riddle 53 », Medium Ævum, 46:1, 1977, p. 1-11. DOI: 10.2307/43621096
Wilcox, Jonathan, « New solutions to Old English riddles: riddles 17 and 53 », Philological Quarterly, 69, 1990, p. 393-408.
Wilcox, Jonathan, « Objects that object, subjects that subvert: agency in Exeter Book Riddle 5 », Humanities, 11:2, 2022, n° 33. DOI: 10.3390/h11020033

Bibliographie