The lay le Freine

Titre:	The lay le freine; Lay of the ash
Date:	Début du XIV^e siècle
Langue:	Anglais
Genre:	Roman
Forme:	402 vers
Contenu:	Traduction du Lai du Fresne de Marie de France.
Incipit:	We redeth oft, and findeth y-write and this clerkes wele it wite, layes that ben in harping, ben y-founde of ferli thing…
Explicit:	… and sone was spousyd with game and gle, to a gentle knight of that countrè. Thus ends the lay of tho maidens bright, Le Frain and Le Codre y-hight.

Manuscrits

Edinburgh, National Library of Scotland, Advocates, 19.2.1, f. 261ra-262A thin stub [⇛ Description]
« Auchinleck manuscript ».

Éditions anciennes

Éditions modernes

Metrical Romances of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Centuries: published from ancient manuscripts, with an introduction, notes, and a glossary by Henry Weber, Edinburgh, Constable, 1810, 3 t. (ici t. 1, p. 355-371 et 381; t. 3, p. 346) [GB: t. 1, t. 1, t. 2, t. 3] [HT] [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3]
Laurin, Albert, An Essay on the Language of Lay le Freine, Stockholm, Norstedt, 1869, [iv] + 37 p. [GB] [IA]
Varnhagen, Hermann, « Zu mittelenglischen Gedichten », Anglia, 3, 1880, p. 415-425. [DZ] [GB: ex. 1, ex. 2] [HT] [IA]
The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, edited by Francis James Child. In five volumes, Boston et New York, Houghton, Mifflin and Company; Cambridge, Riverside Press; London, Stevens, 1882-1898, 10 t. en 5. [IA: t. 1:1, t. 1:2, t. 2:1, t. 2:2, t. 3:1, t. 3:2, t. 4:1, t. 4:2, t. 5:1, t. 5:2]
Éditions antérieures:
- English and Scottish Ballads, edited by Francis James Child, Boston, Little, Brown and Company, 1860, 8 t. [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3, t. 4, t. 5, t. 6, t. 7, t. 8, t. 9, t. 10] [umich.edu: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3, t. 4, t. 5, t. 6, t. 7, t. 8]
- The English and Scottish Popular Ballads, edited by Francis James Child, Boston et New York, Houghton, Mifflin and Company; Cambridge, Riverside Press; London, Stevens, 1882-1898, 10 t. [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3, t. 4, t. 5, t. 6, t. 7, t. 8, t. 9, t. 10]
The Middle English Lai le Freine, edited by M. Wattie, Northampton, Smith College (Smith College Studies in Modern Languages, 10:3), 1928.
The Breton Lays in Middle English, edited by Thomas C. Rumble, Detroit, Wayne State University Press (Waynebook, 25), 1965, xxx + 269 p.
Réimpression:
- 1967
Middle English Verse Romances, edited by Donald B. Sands, New York, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1966, xiii + 398 p. (ici p. 233-245) [IA]
Réimpressions:
- Exeter, Exeter University Press (Exeter Medieval English Texts and Studies), 1986
- 1993
- 1997
The Middle English Breton Lays, edited by Anne Laskaya and Eve Salisbury, Kalamazoo, Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University (Middle English Texts Series), 1995, viii + 444 p. [lib.rochester.edu]

Traductions modernes

en anglais:
- Ellis, George, Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances, Chiefly Written During the Early Part of the Fourteenth Century; to which is Prefixed an Historical Introduction, Intended to Illustrate the Rise and Progress of Romantic Composition in France and England. A new edition, revised by J. O. Halliwell, London, Bohn (Bohn's Antiquarian Library), 1848, viii + 600 p. (ici p. 538-546) [GB] [IA]
  Éditions antérieures:
  - Ellis, George, Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances, Chiefly Written During the Early Part of the Fourteenth Century; to which is Prefixed an Historical Introduction, Intended to Illustrate the Rise and Progress of Romantic Composition in France and England, London, Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme; Edinburgh, Constable, 1805, 3 t., vii + 387, [iv] + 404, [iv] + 419 p. [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3]
  - Ellis, George, Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances, Chiefly Written During the Early Part of the Fourteenth Century; to which is Prefixed an Historical Introduction, Intended to Illustrate the Rise and Progress of Romantic Composition in France and England, London, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1811, 3 t., vii + 408, [iv] + 419, [iv] + 432 p. [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3]
- A Wonder Book of Old Romance, by F. J. Harvey Darton, illustrated by A. G. Walker, London, Wells Gardner Darton, [1907], xix + 424 p. (ici p. 345-354) [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
  Réimpression:
  - A Wonder Book of Old Romance, by F. J. Harvey Darton, illustrated by A. G. Walker, New York, Stokes, [1907], xix + 424 p. [IA]
- Early English Romances in Verse: Done into Modern English by Edith Rickert: Romances of Love, London, Chatto and Windus; New York, Duffield, 1908, li + 196 p. (ici p. 47-57 et 182) [GB] [IA]

Études

Donovan, Mortimer J., « Le Freine », The Breton Lay: A Guide to Varieties, Notre Dame, University of Notre Dame Press, 1969, p. 126-139.
Freeman, Michelle, « The power of sisterhood: Marie de France's Le Fresne », Women and Power in the Middle Ages, éd. Mary Erler and Maryanne Kowaleski, Athens, University of Georgia Press, 1988, p. 250-264.
Guillaume, Gabrielle, « The prologues of the Lay le Freine and Sir Orfeo », Modern Language Notes, 36:8, 1921, p. 458-464. DOI: 10.2307/2915217
Hibbard (Loomis), Laura A., Mediæval Romance in England: A Study of the Sources and Analogues of the Non-Cyclic Metrical Romances. New edition with supplementary bibliographical index (1926-1959), New York, Franklin (Burt Franklin Bibliographical Reference Series, 17), 1963, viii + 350 p. (ici p. 294-300) [IA]
Éditions antérieures:
- Hibbard, Laura A., Mediæval Romance in England: A Study of the Sources and Analogues of the Non-Cyclic Metrical Romances, New York, Oxford University Press, 1924, viii + 342 p. [HT] [IA]
- Hibbard (Loomis), Laura A., Mediæval Romance in England: A Study of the Sources and Analogues of the Non-Cyclic Metrical Romances. New edition with supplementary bibliographical index (1926-1959), New York, Franklin (Burt Franklin Bibliographical Reference Series, 17), 1960, viii + 350 p. [HT] [IA]
Hirsh, John C., « Religious attitudes and mystical language in medieval literary texts, an essay in methodology: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Havelok, Lay le Freine », Vox Mystica: Essays on Medieval Mysticism in Honour of Valerie Lagorio, éd. Anne Clark Bartlett et T. H. Bestul, Cambridge, Brewer, 1995, p. 15-25.
McCreesh, Bernadine, « Translation and adaptation in Lay le Freine », Forum for Modern Language Studies, 35:4, 1999, p. 386-395. [www] DOI: 10.1093/fmls/XXXV.4.386
Stemmler, Theo, « Die mittelenglischen Bearbeitungen zweier Lais der Marie de France », Anglia, 80, 1962, p. 243-263. DOI: 10.1515/angl.1962.1962.80.243
Zupitza, Julius, « Zum Lay le Freine », Englische Studien, 10, 1887, p. 41-48. [GB] [HT] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]

Bibliographie