The wanderer

Titre:	Aucun titre dans le ms.; The wanderer (titre dans l'éd. Thorpe)
Date:	X^e siècle
Langue:	Anglais
Genre:
Forme:	115 vers
Contenu:
Incipit:	Oft him anhaga are gebideð, metudes miltse, þeah þe he modcearig geond lagulade longe sceolde hreran mid hondum hrimcealde sæ…
Explicit:	… Til biþ se þe his treowe gehealdeþ, ne sceal næfre his torn to rycene beorn of his breostum acyþan, nemþe he ær þa bote cunne, eorl mid elne gefremman. Wel bið þam þe him are seceð, frofre to fæder on heofonum, þær us eal seo fæstnung stondeð.

Manuscrits

Exeter, Cathedral Library, 3501, f. 76v-78r [⇛ Description]

Éditions anciennes

Éditions modernes

Codex Exoniensis. A Collection of Anglo-Saxon Poetry, from a Manuscript in the Library of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter, with an English translation, notes and indexes, by Benjamin Thorpe, London, Pickering for The Society of Antiquaries of London, 1842, xvi + 546 p. (ici p. 286-293) [GB] [IA]
Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie begründet von C. W. M. Grein. Neu bearbeitet, vermehrt und nach eignen Lesungen der Handschriften herausgegeben von Richard Paul Wülcker, Kassel, Wigand, 1883-1898, 5 t. (ici t. 1, p. 284-289) [GB: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3] [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3]
Éditions antérieures:
- Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie in kritisch bearbeiteten Texten und mit vollständigem Glossar herausgegeben von C. W. M. Grein, Göttingen, Wigand, 1857-1864, 4 t. [GB: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3, t. 4] [IA: t. 1, t. 2, t. 3, t. 4]
- Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie begründet von C. W. M. Grein. Neu bearbeitet, vermehrt und nach eignen Lesungen der Handschriften herausgegeben von Richard Paul Wülcker. I. Band — 1. Hälfte, Kassel, Wigand, 1881, vii + 422 p. + [4] p. de pl. [GB] [IA]
- Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie begründet von C. W. M. Grein. Neu bearbeitet, vermehrt und nach eignen Lesungen der Handschriften herausgegeben von Richard Paul Wülcker. II. Band — 1. Hälfte, Kassel, Wigand, 1888, vi + 210 p. [GB] [IA]
- Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie begründet von C. W. M. Grein. Neu bearbeitet, vermehrt und nach eignen Lesungen der Handschriften herausgegeben von Richard Paul Wülcker. III. Band — 1. Hälfte, Kassel, Wigand, 1897, [vii] + 248 p. [GB] [IA]
The Exeter Book, an anthology of Anglo-Saxon poetry presented to Exeter Cathedral by Leofric, first bishop of Exeter (1050-1071), and still in the possession of the Dean and Chapter, edited from the manuscript, with a translation, notes, introduction, etc., by Israel Gollancz. Part I. Poems I-VIII, London, Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co. for the Early English Text Society (Early English Text Society. Original Series, 104), 1895, viii + 305 p. (ici p. 286-293) [GB] [IA]
The Exeter Book Part Two, London, Oxford University Press (Early English Text Society. Original Series), 1933.
The Exeter Book, éd. George Philip Krapp et Elliot Van Kirk Dobbie, New York, Columbia University Press (The Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records, 3), 1936.
The Wanderer, éd. R. F. Leslie, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1966.
Seven Old English Poems. Cædmon's Hymn, The Battle of Brunanburh, The Dream of the Rood, The Battle of Maldon, The Wanderer, The Seafarer, Deor. Edited, with commentary and glossary by John C. Pope, Indianapolis et New York, Bobbs-Merrill (The Library of Literature), 1966, xiii + 213 p. [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
Réimpression:
- New York, Norton (A Norton paperback), 1981, x + 227 p.
The Wanderer, éd. T. P. Dunning et A. J. Bliss, London, Methuen (Methuen's Old English Library), 1969.
The Old English Elegies: A Critical Edition and Genre Study by Anne L. Klinck, Montreal, McGill-Queen's University Press, 1992.
The Exeter Anthology of Old English Poetry, éd. Bernard J. Muir, Revised 2nd Edition, Exeter, University of Exeter Press, 2000, 2 t.

Traductions modernes

en anglais:
- Thorpe 1842 (voir sous Éditions modernes)
- Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker. Revised edition, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1935, xi + 195 p. (ici p. 50-55) [HT] [IA]
  Éditions antérieures:
  - Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited with prefatory notes and indexes by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker, Boston, Ginn, 1902, xi + 195 p. [GB] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
  - Select Translations from Old English Poetry, edited by Albert S. Cook and Chauncey B. Tinker. Revised edition, Boston, Ginn, 1926, xi + 195 p. [GB] [IA]
  Traduction partielle.
- Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1954, xiv + 334 p. (ici p. 73-75)
  Éditions antérieures:
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1926, xvi + 367 p. [HT] [IA]
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1930, xvi + 367 p. [IA]
  - 1934
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon, London et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794; Poetry and Drama), 1937, xvi + 367 p. [IA]
  - 1950
  Réimpressions:
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1957, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1962, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - 1964
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1967, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
  - 1970
  - Anglo-Saxon Poetry, selected and translated by Professor R. K. Gordon. Revised edition, London, Melbourne et Toronto, Dent; New York, Dutton (Everyman's Library, 794), 1977, xiv + 334 p. [IA]
- Early English Poetry, translated by Charles W. Kennedy, New York, Oxford University Press, 1961.
- Hickey, Emily H., « The Wanderer », Select Translation from Old English Poetry, éd. Albert S. Cook et Chauncey B. Tinker, Westport, Greenwood, 1970.
- Anglo-Saxon Poetry: An Anthology of Old English Poems in Prose Translation, with introduction and headnotes by S. A. J. Bradley, London, Dent (Everyman's Library, 1794), 1982, xxvi + 559 p. — Réimpr.: 1995; 2000.
- Beowulf and Other Old English Poems, edited and translated by Craig Williamson; with a foreword by Tom Shippey, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press (The Middle Ages Series), 2011, xxxi + 256 p. (ici p. 144-149)

Études

Barajas, Courtney Catherine, Old English Ecotheology: The Exeter Book, Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press (Environmental Humanities in Pre-modern Cultures), 2021, 231 p. DOI: 10.5117/9789463723824
Compte rendu:
Michael D. J. Bintley, dans The Medieval Review, 22.03.06, 2022. [www]
Bateley, Janet, « Time and the passing of time in The Wanderer and related OE texts », Essays and Studies, 1984, p. 1-15.
Beaston, Lawrence, « The Wanderer's courage », Neophilologus, 89:1, 2005, p. 119-137. DOI: 10.1007/s11061-004-5672-x
Bjork, Robert E., « Sundor æt rune: the voluntary exile of the Wanderer », Neophilologus, 73:1, 1989, p. 119-129.
Boer, R. C., « Wanderer und Seefahrer », Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 35, 1903, p. 1-28. [GB] [HT] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2, ex. 3]
Calder, Daniel G., « Setting and mode in The Seafarer and The Wanderer », Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 72, 1971, p. 264-275.
Champion, Margret Gunnarsdottir, « From plaint to praise: language as cure in The Wanderer », Studia neophilologica, 69:2, 1997, p. 187-202.
Clark, S. L. et, Julian N. Wasserman, « The imagery of The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 63, 1979, p. 291-296.
Clemoes, Peter, « Mens absentia cognitans in The Seafarer and The Wanderer », Medieval Literature and Civilization: Studies in Memory of G. N. Garmonsway, éd. D. A. Pearsall et R. A. Waldron. London, Athlone Press, 1969, p. 62-77.
Conde Silvestre, Juan C., « The Wanderer and The Seafarer: a bibliography 1971-1991 », SELIM: Journal of the Spanish Society for Medieval English Language and Literature, 2, 1992, p. 170-186.
Cook, Patrick, « Woriað þa winsalo: the bonds of exile in The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 80:1, 1996, p. 127-137.
Cross, J. E., « On the genre of The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 45, 1961, p. 63-75. — Réimpr. dans Essential Articles for the Study of Old English Poetry, éd. Jess B. Bessinger, Jr., et Stanley J. Kahrl, Hamden, Archon Books, 1968, p. 515-532.
Crossley-Holland, Kevin, « The Wanderer », The Battle of Maldon and Other Old English Poems, éd. Bruce Mitchell, New York, St. Martin's, 1965, p. 105-112.
Dean, Christopher, « Weal Wundrum Heah, Wyrmlicum Fah and the narrative background of The Wanderer », Modern Philology, 63:2, 1965, p. 141-143.
De Lacy, Paul, « Thematic and structural affinities: The Wanderer and Ecclesiastes », Neophilogus, 82:1, 1998, p. 125-137.
Diekstra, F. N. M., « The Wanderer 65b-72: the passions of the mind and the cardinal virtues », Neophilologus, 55, 1971, p. 73-88.
Doubleday, James F., « The three faculties of the soul in The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 53, 1969, p. 89-93.
Elliott, R. V. W., « The Wanderer's conscience », English Studies, 39, 1958, p. 193-200.
Erzgräber, Willi, « Der Wanderer: eine Interpretation von Aufbau und Gehalt », Festschrift zum 75. Geburtstag von Theodor Spira, éd. H. Viebrock et W. Erzgräber, Heidelberg, Winter, 1961, p. 77-85.
Fowler, Roger, « A theme in The Wanderer », Medium Ævum, 36:1, 1967, p. 1-14. DOI: 10.2307/43627308
Galloway, Andrew, « Dream-theory in The Dream of the Rood and The Wanderer », Review of English Studies, 45, 180, 1994, p. 475-485.
Gardner, John, The Construction of Christian Poetry in Old English, Carbondale et Edwardsville, Southern Illinois University Press; London et Amsterdam, Feffer and Simons (Literary Structures), 1975, xii + 147 p.
Gilles, Sealy Ann, « Ne– to sequences in Old English and Old Irish, with special attention to The Wanderer », Voices In Translation The Authority of "Olde Bookes" In Medieval Literature: Essays in Honor of Helaine Newstead, éd. Deborah M. Sinnreich-Levi et Gale Sigal, New York, AMS Press, 1992, p. 53-68.
Gordon, Ida L., « Traditional themes in The Wanderer and The Seafarer », Review of English Studies, n. s., 5:17, 1954, p. 1-13.
Green, Martin, « Man, time, and apocalypse in The Wanderer, The Seafarer, and Beowulf », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 74, 1974, p. 502-518.
Greenfield, Stanley B., « The Wanderer: a reconsideration of theme and structure », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 50, 1951, 451-465.
Greenfield, Stanley B., « The formulaic expression of the theme of "exile" in Anglo-Saxon poetry », Speculum, 30, 1955, p. 200-206.
Greentree, Rosemary, « The Wanderer's horizon: a note on ofer waþema gebind », Neophilologus, 86:2, 2002, p. 307-309.
Griffith, Mark S., « Does "Wyrd bið ful aræd" mean "Fate is wholly inexorable"? », Studies in English Language and Literature: "Doubt Wisely", éd. M. J. Toswell et E. M. Tyler, London, Routledge, 1996, p. 133-156.
Hait, Elizabeth A., « The Wanderer's lingering regret: a study of patterns of imagery », Neophilologus, 68:2, 1964, p. 278-291.
Harbus, Antonina, « Deceptive dreams in The Wanderer », Studies in Philology, 93:2, 1996, p. 164-179.
Hasenfratz, Robert, « Wanderer, lines 45-57 and the birds of Diomede », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 92:3, 1993, p. p. 309-324.
Hill, Thomas D., « The unchanging hero: a stoic maxim in The Wanderer and its contexts », Studies in Philology, 101:3, 2004, p. 233-249.
Hollowell, Ida Masters, « On the identity of the Wanderer », The Old English Elegies: New Essays in Criticism and Research, éd. Martin Green, Rutherford, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1983, p. 82-95.
Horgan, A. D., « The Wanderer — a Boethian poem? », Review of English Studies, 38, 1987, p. 40-46.
Howe, Nicholas, « Anglo-Saxon England and the postcolonial void », Postcolonial Approaches to the European Middle Ages: Translating Cultures, éd. Ananya Jahanara Kabir et Deanne Williams, Cambridge et London, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature, 54), 2005, p. 25-47.
Howlett, David R., « The structures of The Wanderer and The Seafarer », Studia neophilologica, 47:2, 1975, p. 313-317.
Huppé, Bernard F., « The Wanderer: theme and structure », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 42, 1943, p. 516-538.
Imelmann, Rudolf, Wanderer und Seefahrer im Rahmen der altenglischen Odoaker-Dichtung, Berlin, Springer, 1908, 93 p. [GB] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2]
Klein, W. F., « Purpose and "poetics" of The Wanderer and The Seafarer », Anglo-Saxon Poetry: Essays in Appreciation for John C. McGalliard, éd. Lewis E. Nicholson et Dolores Warwick Frese, Notre Dame, University of Notre Dame Press, 1975, p. 208-223.
Klinck, Anne L., « Resignation: exile's lament or penitent's prayer? », Neophilologus, 71:3, 1987, p. 423-430. DOI: 10.1007/bf00211129
Langeslag, Paul S., « Boethian similitude in Deor and The Wanderer », Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 109:2, 2008, p. 205–222.
Lawrence, W. W., « The Wanderer and The Seafarer », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 4, 1902, p. 460-480.
Lee, Stuart D., « J. R. R. Tolkien and The Wanderer: from edition to application », Tolkien Studies, 6, 2009, p. 189-211.
Liuzza, R. M., "The Tower of Babel: The Wanderer and the ruins of history », Studies in the Literary Imagination, 36:1, 2003, p. 1-35.
Lumiansky, R. M., « The dramatic structure of the Old English Wanderer », Neophilologus, 34:1, 1950, p. 104-112. DOI: 10.1007/bf01512138
Mandel, Jerome, Alternative Readings in Old English Poetry, New York, Peter Lang, 1987.
Midgley, Graham, « The Wanderer, lines 49-55 », The Review of English Studies, n. s., 10, 37, 1959, p. 53-54.
Mills, Tony, « The Wanderer 98: weal wundrum heah wyrmlicum fah », Review of English Studies, n. s., 28, 1977, p. 431-438.
Mitchell, Bruce, « Some syntactical problems in The Wanderer », Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 69, 1968, p. 172-198.
North, Richard, « Boethius and the mercenary in The Wanderer », Pagans and Christians: The Interplay Between Christian Latin and Traditional Germanic Cultures in Early Medieval Europe: Proceedings of the Second Germania Latina Conference, University of Groningen, May 1992, éd. T. Hofstra, L. A. J. R. Houwen et A. A. MacDonald, Groningen, Forsten (Mediaevalia Groningana, 16; Germania Latina, 2), 1995, p. 71-98.
Osborn, Marijane, « The vanishing seabirds in The Wanderer », Folklore, 85:2, 1974, p. 122-127.
Palmer, James M., « Compunctio and the heart in the Old English poem The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 88:3, 2004, p. 447-460.
Pasternack, Carol Braun, « Anonymous polyphony and The Wanderer's textuality », Anglo-Saxon England, 20, 1991, p. 99-122.
Pasternack, Carol Braun, The Textuality of Old English Poetry, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Pope, John C., « Dramatic voices in The Wanderer and The Seafarer », Franciplegius: Medieval and Linguistic Studies in Honor of Francis Peabody Magoun, Jr., éd. Jess B. Bessinger, Jr. et Robert P. Creed, New York, New York University Press, 1965, p. 164-193.
Porck, Thijs, Old Age in Early Medieval England: A Cultural History, Woodbridge, Boydell and Brewer (Anglo-Saxon Studies, 33), 2019, x + 276 p.
Prins, A. A., « The Wanderer (and The Seafarer) », Neophilologus, 48, 1964, p. 237-251.
Richman, Gerald, « Speaker and speech boundaries in The Wanderer », Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 81:4, 1982, p. 469-479.
Rosier, James L., « The literal-figurative identity of The Wanderer », Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, 79, 1964, p. 366-369.
The Breton Lays in Middle English, edited by Thomas C. Rumble, Detroit, Wayne State University Press (Waynebook, 25), 1965, xxx + 269 p.
Réimpression:
- 1967
Schipper, J., « Zum Codex Exoniensis », Germania, 19, 1874, p. 327-338. [GB] [HT] [IA: ex. 1, ex. 2, ex. 3]
Selzer, John L., « The Wanderer and the meditative tradition », Studies in Philology, 80:3, 1983, p. 227-237.
Shippey, Thomas A., « The Wanderer and The Seafarer as wisdom poetry », Companion to Old English Poetry, éd. Henk Aertsen et Rolf H. Bremmer, Jr., Amsterdam, Vrije University Press, 1994, p. 145-158.
Smithers, G. V., « The meaning of The Seafarer and The Wanderer », Medium Ævum, 26:3, 1957, p. 137-153. DOI: 10.2307/43626692
Smithers, G. V., « The meaning of The Seafarer and The Wanderer (continued) », Medium Ævum, 28:1, 1959, p. 1-22. DOI: 10.2307/43626769
Smithers, G. V., « The meaning of The Seafarer and The Wanderer: appendix », Medium Ævum, 28:2, 1959, p. 99-104. DOI: 10.2307/43631136
Stanley, E. G., « Old English poetic diction and the interpretation of The Wanderer, The Seafarer and The Penitent's Prayer », Anglia, 73:4, 1955, p. 413-466. DOI: 10.1515/angl.1955.73.4.413
Timmer, B. J., « The elegiac mood in Old English poetry », English Studies, 24, 1942, p. 33-44.
Warren, Michael J., Birds in Medieval English Poetry: Metaphors, Realities, Transformations, Cambridge, Brewer (Nature and Environment in the Middle Ages), 2018, ix + 259 p.
Compte rendu:
Donna Beth Ellard, dans The Medieval Review, 19.06.12, 2019. [www]
Whitbread, L., « The pattern of misfortune in Deor and other Old English poems », Neophilologus, 54:1, 1970, p. 167-183. DOI: 10.1007/bf01514700
Wolfe, Melissa J., « Swa cwæð snottor on mode: four issues in The Wanderer », Neophilologus, 92:3, 2008, p. 559-565. DOI: 10.1007/s11061-007-9099-z
Woolf, Rosemary, « The Wanderer, The Seafarer, and the genre of planctus », Anglo-Saxon Poetry: Essays in Appreciation for John C. McGalliard, éd. Lewis E. Nicholson et Dolores Warwick Frese, Notre Dame, University of Notre Dame Press, 1975, p. 192-207.
Yoon, Hye-Joon, « A farewell to arms: classical precedents in early modern England », Journal of British and America Studies, 17, 2007, p. 117-134. [www]

Bibliographie